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Russia claims the eastern territories as part of its strategic interests, alleging the need to protect the predominantly Russian-speaking population. This justification was used by President Vladimir Putin to legitimize his 2022 invasion of Ukraine, framing it as a protective move for Russian speakers in the region.
The Current Military Situation
As of October 2025, approximately 80% of Donetsk and nearly all of Lugansk remains under Russian control. Notable battles such as Mariupol, Bakhmut, and Avdiivka have witnessed some of the war’s bloodiest fighting, exemplifying the region’s strategic importance and brutal combat history.