Part 8/11:
India has responded by fortifying its border defenses and infrastructure. Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched key projects such as the Arunachal Frontier Highway—an essential route paralleling the McMahon Line—and the Cella Tunnel, the world's longest bi-lane tunnel, facilitating rapid troop movement and logistical support across the contested border.
Recognizing that standalone efforts may be insufficient, India is seeking strategic partnerships. A notable move is its engagement with Japan, another regional power challenging Chinese expansion. Recently, Arunachal Pradesh’s Chief Minister, Pema Khandu, traveled to Japan to expand cultural and economic ties, including cooperation with Japanese firms specializing in modular construction capable of supporting Himalayan infrastructure.