Part 2/11:
For decades, the Gulf States have accumulated vast US dollar reserves through oil exports, recycling these funds into US financial markets and assets. However, savvy policymakers understand that such a model is precarious long-term, especially amid fluctuating oil prices and the global push for sustainable energy sources. As a consequence, the Gulf countries have begun implementing a multi-faceted approach to sustain their economic vitality beyond reliance on hydrocarbon revenues.