Part 9/10:
Leven suggests that reconciliation with Russia, though currently unlikely, might eventually become a necessity to prevent further escalation. Until then, increased polarization, militarization, and crackdowns on dissent are predicted to dominate European politics, threatening democratic stability.
Conclusion: Lessons from the Past and the Path Forward
The Valdai discussion underscores the urgent need for Europe to reflect on its trajectory and the dangerous game of fear and division it's playing. Continued militarization and ideological radicalization risk repeating the catastrophic mistakes of the past, especially if economic and social issues remain unaddressed.