Part 11/11:
Conclusion: A Complex Geopolitical and Industrial Chess Match
The US’s strategic moves—tariffs, legislation, and increased scrutiny—reflect attempts to curb China's rapid ascent in biotech while safeguarding domestic supply chains. Meanwhile, China continues to invest heavily in innovation, digital infrastructure, and international expansion, bolstered by government support and a large, data-rich population.
As both sides vie for dominance, the global pharmaceutical industry faces a period of turbulence, characterized by shifting alliances, innovation races, and strategic realignments. The coming years will determine whether increased protectionism stalls China's biotech ambitions or whether cooperation and competition will coexist in shaping the future of global health.