Part 2/12:
Convective turbulence, driven by uneven heating of the Earth's surface, leading to vertical air currents.
Mechanical turbulence, caused by obstructions like mountains or buildings disrupting wind flow.
Clear air turbulence, which occurs in cloudless regions and is currently the most challenging to predict.
The recent SQ 321 incident exemplifies how sudden and severe turbulence can be, often striking without warning. The aircraft experienced rapid G-forces—similar to the sensations felt on a roller coaster—leading to violent jolts that caused injuries and damage within the cabin.