I'm not sure I believe the US Govt will be handing out money for votes. They discovered that donations from corporations and interest groups is far more valuable than keeping the general population happy. Trump gave tax cuts to the rich, increased taxes for the working class and still gets millions of votes.
The value that governments build is in infrastructure; businesses can't operate without roads, air traffic controllers, etc etc. The US govt shutdown shows just how much value it provides to the economy. Of course, the people need to keep demanding more from their elected officials, like more affordable housing in Australia.
In answer to your question though... all the money went to the 0.1%. Pandemic times have been massively profitable for billionaires, and the wage gap problem is nearing levels of the French Revolution...
Yeah. Wrong visualization. Paying for so they don't revolt.
Yet, none of the value is theirs to give and as you rightly said, it ends up in that 0.1% pocket.
With the PPP loans and the US Fed buying up assets, absolutely, a ton of money ended up in the 0.1% pocket... but in terms of value that the US Government provides, I was thinking of things like Air Traffic Controllers. They are a federal unit who communicates with all the private airlines and coordinates the various flight paths, etc. Without Air Traffic Controllers funded by the Federal Government, private company planes would probably crash into each other all the time. Same with GPS, the US Government provides that to the world for free... that's tremendous value.