In the Trump spending pause cases, judges picked by Presidents Barack Obama and Joseph R. Biden ruled against Mr. Trump. And a Clinton appointee was the one who iced the federal worker buyout.
The FBI names were paused by a Biden appointee, and the USAID action is being handled by a judge Mr. Trump appointed in his first term.
“It’s still early days and the challengers are selecting friendly jurisdictions in which to file their suits,” said Ilya Shapiro, director of constitutional studies at the Manhattan Institute.