[ENG] Architecture, nature and art at Graceland Cemetery Garden in Chicago, USA [ESP] Arquitectura, naturaleza y arte en el jardín-cementerio Graceland de Chicago, USA

in Architecture+Design2 years ago

Architecture, nature and art at Graceland Cemetery Garden in Chicago, USA

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Monument erected in 1890 in honor of the wife of Chicago tycoon Henry Harrison Getty is considered one of the best works of the architect Louis Sullivan. This work received recognition as a city landmark in 1971 by the Chicago Historical and Architectural Landmarks Commission.(Monumento erigido en 1890 en homenaje a la esposa del magnate de Chicago Henry Harrison Getty es considerada una de las mejores obras del arquitecto Louis Sullivan. Esta obra recibió el reconocimiento como monumento de la ciudad en 1971 por la Comisión de Monumentos Históricos y Arquitectónicos de Chicago)

     Dear friends of the communities that make up HIVE, on this occasion, I have selected a series of photographs, taken by colleague Wilfredo Urbina (PhD) from Roosevelt University in Chicago (https://www.facebook.com/wifredo.urbina), who made a visit to the place and generously allows me to make use of them. for the presentation of this post.


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Tomb of Martin Ryerson, a successful Chicago real estate and lumber magnate, designed by architect Louis H. Sullivan, who fused two Egyptian tomb styles: the pyramid and the mastaba (Tumba de Martin Ryerson, un exitoso magnate de la madera y bienes raíces de Chicago, diseñada por el arquitecto Louis H. Sullivan, quien fusionó dos estilos de tumba egipcios: la pirámide y la mastaba)

     Graceland is a quiet, contemplative and very relaxing place considered by many to be one of the best hidden treasures in the city, a kind of architectural oasis. It is a large cemetery and botanical garden, located on the north side of Uptown in the city of Chicago, Illinois, USA. Graceland was also accepted into the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.


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Tombstone of contemporary dancer and choreographer Ruth Page (Lápida de la bailarina y coreógrafa contemporánea Ruth Page)

     On its land, originally a little more than 32 hectares, after some negotiations it was expanded to 48 hectares, lie, in addition to recognized architects of the XIX and XX centuries; are, in their final resting place, prominent figures of Chicago society, including athletes, politicians and industrialists. In this incredible place you can see everything from large mausoleums to very simple tombs and tombstones.


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Monument in honor of Reverend Thomas Mears Eddy, 19th century (Monumento en homenaje al reverendo Thomas Mears Eddy, siglo XIX)

     The land was purchased by Thomas Bryan, who initially hired architect and landscape designer H.W.S. Cleveland, which had its paths and cemetery plots evenly turfed, helping to create a Victorian atmosphere; later the project was left in the hands of a group of architects and landscapers, headed by Ossian C. Symonds, who used native plants to create the bucolic landscape of the cemetery. Symonds' landscape designs represent the classic integration of buildings and landscapes, involving a series of monuments, which is why Graceland Cemetery is considered by landscape designers to be "one of the most extraordinary park-like cemeteries in the Western world." Even after more than 160 years, the cemetery remains an active necropolis and botanical garden.


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Tombstone of Daniel Hudson Burnham and his wife Margaret. Burnham was an American architect and urban designer, promoter of the Beaux-Arts movement. (Lápida de Daniel Hudson Burnham y su esposa Margaret. Burnham fue un arquitecto y diseñador urbano estadounidense, impulsador del movimiento Beaux-Arts)

     Graceland Cemetery, which has been in operation since 1860, is known as the "Architects' Cemetery", architectural figures such as Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe, (author and performer of the famous phrase "less is more"); Daniel Burrham (one of Chicago's city planners); John Root (of the founders of the Chicago School); Louis Henry Sullivan (architect of the Chicago School, one of the fathers of the skyscraper, began the foundations of what would become modern architecture); Howad Van Doren Shaw (leader of the American Craftsman movement); Laszlo Moholy-Nagy (founder of the Illinois Institute of Technology College of Design and a figure at the Bahaus); Marion Mahon Griffin (the first female architect to be licensed in the United States), among others.


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Tricorn headstone with a glass gem that catches the reflection of the sky on it, in memory of the architect Bruce Goff, considered an exponent of experimental architecture who was distinguished by his organic and eclectic designs, considered by some to be extravagant (Lápida tricorne con una gema de vidrio que capta el reflejo del cielo sobre ella, en memoria al arquitecto Bruce Goff, considerado como un exponente de la arquitectura experimental que se distinguió por sus diseños orgánicos y eclécticos, algunos lo consideraron extravagante)

     Many of the tombstones and headstones found at Graceland are the work of well-known and acclaimed architects such as Louis Sullivan, John Glessner, Daniel Burnham, William Le Baron Jenney, John Root, and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, remembered for monuments illustrating a variety of architectural styles, including Egyptian, Greek, Art Deco, and Modern, among others.


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Tomb of the architect Louis Sullivan of the Chicago School, considered the "prophet of modern architecture" who said that "form always follows function. He was buried with a small stone marker, but in five years Thomas Tallmadge designed a monument more appropriate with Sullivan's profile in one of his own designs (Tumba del arquitecto Louis Sullivan de la Escuela de Chicago, considerado como "profeta de la arquitectura moderna" fue quien dijo que "la forma siempre sigue a la función. Fue enterrado con un pequeño marcador de piedra, pero en cinco años Thomas Tallmadge diseñó un monumento más apropiado con el perfil de Sullivan en uno de sus propios diseños)

     Biography consulted:
An Oasis of Art, Architecture, and Landscape Design since 1860: https://www.gracelandcemetery.org/the-story-of-graceland/
Graceland Cementery, un cementerio arquitectónico en Chicago: http://divagacionx.blogspot.com/2015/03/graceland-cementery-un-cementerio.html


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Statue created by A. Gagel, a German sculptor in 1881, made of white marble, protected from the elements by glass, commemorating Inez Clark, which is an example of sculptures that were created to commemorate children in the Victorian era Estatua creada por A. Gagel, escultor alemán de 1881, de mármol blanco, protegida de la intemperie por un vidrio, conmemorativa de Inez Clark la cual es un ejemplo de esculturas que fueron creadas para conmemorar a los niños en la época victoriana)


Arquitectura, naturaleza y arte en el jardín-cementerio Graceland de Chicago, USA

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Mausoleum erected for the family of manufacturer and publicist Otter Palmer in the 19th century (Mausoleo erigido para la familia del fabricante y publicista Otter Palmer en el siglo XIX)

     Estimados amigos de las comunicades que conforman HIVE, en esta oportunidad, he seleccionado una serie de fotografías, tomadas por el colega Wilfredo Urbina (PhD) de la Universidad Roosevelt en Chicago (https://www.facebook.com/wifredo.urbina), quien realizó una visita al lugar y generosamente me permite hacer uso de ellas para la presentación de este post.


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Monument honoring 19th-century piano and reed and pipe organ maker William Kimball (Monumento en honor al fabricante de pianos y órganos de caña y tubos William Kimball del siglo XIX)

     Graceland es un lugar tranquilo, contemplativo y muy relajante considerado por muchos como uno de los mejores tesoros escondidos de la ciudad, una especie de oasis arquitectónico. Es un gran cementerio y a la vez jardín botánico, ubicado en el lado norte de Uptown en la ciudad de Chicago, Illinois, USA. Graceland también fue aceptado en el Registro Nacional de Lugares Históricos en 2001.


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Monument to Dexter Graves, built over his grave, is a bronze figure, on a black granite background, entitled "Eternal Silence", also called "The Statue of Death" created by sculptor Lorado Taft in 1909 (Monumento a Dexter Graves, construido sobre su tumba, es una figura de bronce, sobre un fondo de granito negro, titulada "Silencio Eterno", también llamada “La estatua de la muerte” creada por el escultor Lorado Taft en 1909)

     En sus terrenos, originalmente de un poco más de 32 hectáreas, luego de algunas negociaciones se expandió a 48 hectáreas, yacen, además de arquitectos reconocidos del siglo XIX y XX; además, se encuentran, en su última morada, figuras prominentes de la sociedad de Chicago, incluidos atletas, políticos e industriales. En este increíble lugar se pueden apreciar desde grandes mausoleos hasta tumbas y lápidas muy simples.


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Family mausoleum of business leader Potter Palmer. (Mausoleo de la familia de Potter Palmer, líder empresarial)

     El terreno fue adquirido por Thomas Bryan, quien contrató, en una primera instancia, al arquitecto y paisajista H.W.S. Cleveland, el cual hizo que los caminos y las parcelas del cementerio se cubrieran de césped de manera uniforme, lo que contribuyó a crear una atmosfera victoriana; posteriormente el proyecto quedó en manos de un grupo de arquitectos y paisajistas, encabezados por Ossian C. Symonds, quien utilizó plantas autóctonas para crear el paisaje bucólico del cementerio. Los diseños paisajísticos de Symonds representan la integración clásica de edificios y paisajes, que involucra una serie de monumentos, debido a ello los paisajistas consideran al cementerio Graceland como "uno de los cementerios-tipo parque más extraordinario del mundo occidental". Aun después de más de 160 años, el cementerio sigue siendo una necrópolis y jardín botánico activo.


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Monument in memory of Peter Schoenhofen, brewer in Chicago in the 19th century (Monumento en memoria de Peter Schoenhofen, fabricante de cerveza en la Chicago del siglo XIX)

     El Cementerio de Graceland, funciona desde 1860, es conocido como el “Cementerio de los arquitectos”, allí están enterrados figuras de la arquitectura como Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe, (autor y ejecutante de la famosa frase "menos es más"); Daniel Burrham (uno de los planificadores de la ciudad de Chicago); John Root (de los fundadores de la Escuela de Chicago); Louis Henry Sullivan (arquitecto de la Escuela de Chicago, uno de los padres del rascacielos, inició las bases de lo que sería la arquitectura moderna); Howad Van Doren Shaw (líder del movimiento American Craftsman); Laszlo Moholy-Nagy (fundador de la Facultad de Diseño del Instituto de Tecnología de Illinois y figura de la Bahaus); Marion Mahon Griffin (la primera arquitecta en ser matriculada en Estados Unidos), entre otros.


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Mausoleum in honor of Joseph Mory Dacceti (Mausoleo en honor a Joseph Mory Dacceti)

     Muchas de las tumbas y lápidas que se encuentran en Graceland son obra de arquitectos reconocidos y aclamados como Louis Sullivan, John Glessner, Daniel Burnham, William Le Baron Jenney, John Root y Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, recordados por monumentos que ilustran una variedad de estilos arquitectónicos, incluidos el egipcio, el griego, el art déco y el moderno, entre otros.


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Mausoleum of M. Stevens (Mausoleo de M. Stevens)

     Biografía consultada:
An Oasis of Art, Architecture, and Landscape Design since 1860: https://www.gracelandcemetery.org/the-story-of-graceland/
Graceland Cementery, un cementerio arquitectónico en Chicago http://divagacionx.blogspot.com/2015/03/graceland-cementery-un-cementerio.html


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Mausoleum of Frederick and Catherine Wacher (Mausoleo de Frederick y Catherina Wacher)


Photo gallery (Galería de fotos)

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Sarcophagus in honor of baseball player Ernie Banks (Sarcófago en honor al beisbolista Ernie Banks)


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19th-century grave of Allan Pinkerton, who was an early undercover agent and guardian of President Lincoln (Tumba de Allan Pinkerton del siglo XIX, quien fue uno de los primeros agentes encubiertos y guardián del presidente Lincoln)


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Grave of Elizabeth Ely Gridley Butler, great-great-grandmother of Gerald Rudolph Ford (Tumba de Elizabeth Ely Gridley Butler, tatarabuela de Gerald Rudolph Ford)


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Hoyt Family Monument (Monumento de la familia Hoyt)


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Bartels family tomb(Tumba de la familia Bartels)


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Fisher family tomb (Tumba de la familia Fisher)


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(Wilson family sarcophagus (Sarcófago de la familia Wilson)


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Obelisk tomb, Muncer family (Tumba obelisco, familia Muncer)


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Greetings dear friend Benjamin @besamu. Graceland may be a cemetery, but it surely is an attractive, healing, and vibrant landmark. Its heavenly atmosphere is due to the extravagant presence of Mother Nature, which by her lush elements, transformed the entire scenario into a less eerie environment. Aside from its green surroundings, your eyes will definitely feast on the abundance of marvelous architectural sculptures, structures, and exhibits. I'd rather call the place a natural paradise. Receive my warmest regards. Have a safe, healthy, and productive week, 😊

Dear friend Erne, I agree with you about your appreciation of the Graceland cemetery garden, whose name is indicative of its qualities. Unfortunately, I did not have photos of its gardens or of the architecture of its administrative headquarters and its chapel, which are other small architectural gems of the place. Indeed, it could be renamed to "Natural Eden" or, as you call it, "Natural Paradise". Thank you for being attentive to our publications, I wish you a happy and profitable week.

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Awesome post @besamu. Continue publishing fabulous content. 😀