Textile engineering refers the education related to the textile sector. So before knowing textile sector we have to know what is textile! The word textile originally came from Latin word “textilis” which means ‘woven’. Textile means all the materials that are made by fibre, yarn and fabric. So, the engineering which is related to fibre, yarn and also fabric is called textile engineering.
Bangladesh ranks second in the world for textile sector. This textile sector provides 82% of the total export income which directly effects our national economy. There are many industries related to textile in our country. For producing textile materials industry needs skilled person for production. A graduate from normal line can't operate a textile industry. With that in mind, Textile Engineering education was introduced in our country. Bangladesh Textile Engineering University (BUTEX) is officially launched in the country. At present, the Textile Engineering Department has been introduced in many more educational institutions in both public and private universities.
Textile Engineering usually teaches everything which is related to textile production. For example, if we want to makes a shirt / pant which procedure or step we have to follow. Today I will discuss every sector of textile engineering shortly.
Spinning : This is the primary sector of textile engineering. In this sector the raw material of textile materials are produced. In this sector, yarn is produced from short or filament fibres. Fibres are mainly two types 1-natural and 2 - synthetic. Natural fibres are collected from many plants and trees like cotton fibre. But synthetic fibres are man-made fibre which is manually produced. Both have different characteristics. In synthetic yarn we can control the characteristic but in natural we can't. We have to reduce dirt,dust and oil from natural fibres. By twisting these fibres we can produce yarn. For this purpose we use different kinds machines for twisting. We can produce different types of yarns according to our requirement. Then these yarns goes for the next step.
Fabric Manufacturing : By interlacing or interloping of yarns we can produce fabric. For this purpose we use different types of weaving machines. There are two types of fabric available. These are woven and knit fabric. Woven fabric are mainly produced in loom machine. Woven fabric is made by interlacing of two sets of yarn and knit fabric is produced by interloping of on sets of yarn. We can produce designs on the fabric through machine. We can also produced complex fabric by using more then two groups of yarn. Here we can produce fabric according to our requirements. These fabric then goes for the next step.
Wet Processing: In this sector fabrics are mainly colored by dyeing. For this purpose, fabric should have pass scouring, bleaching and finishing process. Then a grey color fabric is produced without any fault. This fabric is colored by using many dyeing ingredients. Here we can colour the fabric by many dyeing process. After dyeing according to the requirement, fabric is ready for the next process.
Apparel Manufacturing : In this sector coloured fabric is used for making garments. Here final product is made for use. By cutting, sewing, ironing a final textile product is made. These apparel producing industries are known as garments. After all manufacturing operations products are ready to use.
These all sectors are monitored by textile engineers. Universities teaches their students how to control all the sectors by proper management and knowledge.
It is really good to know more about this field of engineering.
This sector is also a major sector in India .
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