These are good questions in support of the main question
Is there a break with past policy, or do those policies remain in the Trump administration?
This is not going to be a definite answer. Realize that there is active resistance to any moves Trump makes. So policy that was set and programs that have been put into place are going to continue to run until they are bought directly to Trump's attention and he is able to get past bureaucratic interference.
The following is just our opinion:
Trump is dead serious in attacking Islamic terror.
Trump is willing to de-escalate with Russia, but they are going to take full advantage in building their own position, especially in protecting Syria
There are so many different power groups in the Middle East right now, and they are all anti-American with the exception of Jordan and Israel (and we have a difference in opinion ourselves on the last)
Durerte is playing all sides against the middle in the Phillipines, and doing a good job of advancing Phillipine interests, however, he is in a bad position in relation to China. He will work with Trump privately and curse Trump publicly.
The Shadow Government has done great damage to America's prestige throughout the world.
True dat.
Thanks for your attention and substantive response.