Methanol
Methanol, a chemical substance known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood napha, wood spit etc. Whose molecular signal, CH3OH Chemistry is written briefly in the text of MeOH. In English, it is called wood alcohol, because at one time alcohol was prepared by the devastating distribution of wood. Modern methanol is prepared directly in the catalytic art form from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Methanol is the simplest alcohol in the type of alcohol. It is light, volatile, combustible, colorless liquid. [5] Methanol is not potable even if there is smell like ethanol. It is very poisonous and digestible. It acts as a polar solvent at room temperature. Methanol is used as antifreeze, solvent, fuel. The methanol is mixed to make it unsuitable for imported ethanol for industrial artillery.
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Methanol is produced through anabolic metabolism in bacteria in nature. As a result, there is a small amount of methanol or methane vapor present in the environment. Within a few days, atmospheric ethanol produces carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
Methanol produces carbon dioxide and water in oxygen by the air circulation:
2 CH3OH + 3 O2 → 2 CO2 + 4 H2O
The presence of methanol in large quantities causes metabolization of formic acid or format salt which is harmful to the central nervous system. This can lead to blindness, dysentery or even death. Ethanol mixed with methanol mixed with an industrial factory is called methylated spirit. Many people in Bangladesh die of death due to this poisonous spirit.
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History of methanol
Egyptians used methanol in ancient Egypt. They knew how to prepare methanol from wood pyrolysis. In 1661, Robert Bell created the first pure methanol during the preparation of methanol by the distillation of bauxous (boxwood). [6] This pure methanol later became known as pirojicic spirit. In 1834, French chemist Jae Baptiste Duma and Eugene Pelagitz were able to determine its constituent ratios. [7] They were the first to include the term Methilin in organic chemistry. Greek word methyl means wine or alcohol and hail means wood. In 1840, it was called Methyl Alcohol. In 1892, IUPAC named the international organization of chemical nomenation, methanol. [8] An organic class named after a phosphate chemistry has been named as an equivalent class of carbon derived from wood. In 1923, working for the German chemist Alain Mittesh and Matthias Peer BASF, he started researching the method for transforming synthesized gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen) into methanol. On January 12, 1926, they took the patent of their discovered method. Reference No: 1,569,775
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Production Synthesized gas
In the presence of the impact, carbon monoxide and hydrogen reactants produce methanol.
Currently, the mixture of copper, zinc oxide and alumina is widely used as an effect. In 1966 Imperial Chemical Industries first used this influencing mixture. Under pressure of 5-10 MPa (50-100 atm) and at 250 ° C, it affects methanol production from carbon monoxide and hydrogen:
CO + 2 H2 → CH3OH
During production of synthetic gas from methane, mole carbon monoxide produces three mole hydrogen. On the other hand methanol preparation uses two mole hydrogen for one mole of carbon monoxide. Extra hydrogen produces methanol associated with carbon monoxide.
CO2 + 3 H2 → CH3OH + H2O
According to many chemists, some influencers use CO2 as intermediate and indirectly synthesize methanol by taking CO.
CO2 + 3 H2 → CH3OH + H2O
Here the H2O is recycled through the reaction of residual water gas transmissions.
CO + H2O → CO2 + H2,
The whole reaction can be written together:
CO + 2 H2 → CH3OH
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From methane
Using copper-geolight and other influencers, it is possible to produce adequate methane from methane directly through direct impact. [9]
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide can be prepared directly by using Copper Oxide Bar and sunlight energy to wrap the dipped crude oxide. [10]
Methylated spirit
Wine, beer, whiskey, brandy etc. drinks are prepared to be ethyl alcohol. In fact, the beverage is actually the water mix of different concentrations of ethyl alcohol. There is a lot of excise duty on these drinks. So these are very expensive. Many drug addicts buy ethyl alcohol in the market from cheap prices and mix them with essential water as an alternative to expensive commercial drinks. Ethyl alcohol deficiency may be due to such arthritic use for drinking. Because of the use of ethyl alcohol in the production of solvent and manufactured products. So, as a beverage, Ethyl is prohibited by the use of alcohol, and mixed with toxic substances such as methanol, pyridin, napha etc. are marketed. Commercially, alcohol is known as fattened spirits, de naturally alcoholic or non-alcoholic alcohols. It is specially used as a solvent in color-lacquer work. [11] Mathematical spirits are considered as ethanol varieties.
Methanol problem
Methanol is responsible for several problems.
Mental health risk for human
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Methanol is harmful for the nervous system and due to its overwhelming presence, blindness, dysentery, and death may occur. But very little presence of methanol is not harmful to human health. One study found that methanol is acceptable with breathing up to 4.5 ppm. [12] One ppm refers to one-tenth part. Research data shows that a person can digest 0.45 grams of methanol from fruit pectin each day. The maximum 1.4 grams of methanol can be found from 1 kg of apple. [13]
Granular distillation
"The methanol compound binds in the dissolving method of drinking 'applejac'. Which increases health risks. This is why Applegac has been banned in many countries.
Toxicity
Methanol is very poisonous for the human body. If a person has entered 10 ml of pure methanol, then it breaks down into formic acid, which makes the optical nerve completely blind. [14] [15] The methanal reference dose is 0.5 mg / day. [16] Poisoning begins It takes hours to take hours and it starts working with an effective antidote. In most cases the antidotes are capable of tackling permanent damage. [14]
Beverage is not seen as odor and ethanol, and methanol can not be separated for most of the time. And it is wrong to think of methylated spirit as ethanol or alcohol. In the late 1930s, a failed man tried to kill a person named Mike Maloy. [17]
Quality Characteristics and Analysis
Methanol for laboratory use
Commercially different grade methanol is available.
Commercial methanol
Commercial methanol is generally classified according to ASTM purity grades A and AA. When the methanol is transferred from place to place in the ship, tanker, it can become impure by various objects. So vehicles and cargo should be tested very well.
Power carriers
Methanol is quite beneficial as an electrician. It is very easy to store with hydrogen. Methanol fires better than fossil fuels.
Car fuel
By the mid-1960s, methanol was used as a racing car fuel. There is no smoke or flame of methanol. The speedy driver could not understand the fire in the car. During the American car racing (Indy Car) in Indianapolis in 1964, driver Eddie Sacks and Dave McDonald were killed in the explosion caused by methanol. [18] Since 2007, ethanol was used as fuel for Indicors' contests. [19]
In the absence of oxygen presence, the methanol gradually disappears in both environments. Methanol can not remain open in nature. Methanol is one to seven days in half life. On the other hand gasoline is half-day for one hundred days. [20]
Use
Methanol is widely used in laboratories as a general solvent for various experiments. Methanol is good solvent and good raw materials of different industries. Methanol is one of the chemical substances sold in different countries of the world. Since the establishment of a new factory in Southeast Asia, China and the Middle East, the production capacity of the methanol has increased greatly compared to the previous years. Methyl is mainly used for the formation of methyl ester in formaldehyde, acetic acid and current biodegradable production. Methanol is also used in gasoline preparation.
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The use of methanol is very important due to the easy availability of oil during the 1970s. During the 1990's, more than 20,000 methanol-powered vehicles entered the US market. [21]
In 2006, space explorers used the Marlin Array of Radio Telescope to discover the vast mithon cloud of 288 billion miles away in outer space.
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