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When a new baby is born, the baby takes his breath for the first time through circulatory changes and by crying helps open the circulation to send oxygen through the lungs.

Crying in the baby helps open his lungs so he can breathe oxygen. And a gentle pat on the back of the baby's body is used to encourage the baby to breathe air. In addition, crying is also one way babies communicate.

Mothers who give birth to their children naturally or normally will show a greater surge in their brain activity when they hear the baby cry compared to the mother who gave birth caesarean.

In the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, the researchers described researchers using functional MRI scans to see the reactions of 12 women after hearing the baby first cry for 30 seconds. The scan shows that the baby's cry is able to regulate activity in various regions of the mother's brain, one of which is the amygdala, the part that plays a role in regulating maternal emotions.

In addition to helping the baby in breathing using his lungs, crying at birth also helps the activities of the baby's own limbs. Because when crying automatically the baby will move.

So it's only natural that the newborn baby cries, because that is the first time the baby can see the world. Precisely if the baby does not cry, it means something is wrong with the baby's condition and the doctor must immediately find out.

The reason babies cry when they are born into the world:

1. Cries of Communication

Apparently that is a reaction that will signify its response to differences in the inner and outer world of the womb. One of them is the difference in temperature in the womb (36-36.5C) and the room temperature is usually lower. His response to the new environment is a clue that the baby is in good condition. As is known by everyone that the baby can only communicate with his parents only through crying, because the baby's cry that is heard at birth is one form of communication from the baby.

2. Respiratory cries

First breathing occurs due to mechanical stimulation when the baby's chest is depressed as it passes through the birth canal. The main thing is of course chemical stimulation when the baby's body feels the need for air supply for its metabolic processes. Then the air will immediately fill air pockets in the lungs called alveoli.

If the newborn does not cry immediately, the doctor will immediately suspect that the respiratory system does not work properly. This means that there is something abnormal with his lungs. It could be because the lungs of the baby have not been fully formed, have abnormalities or are infected with amniotic fluid.

3. Crying Activities

Crying at birth is known to help the activity of the baby's own body, because when crying automatically the baby will move. In the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, the researchers used functional MRI scans to see the reactions of 12 women after hearing the baby first cry for 30 seconds. The scan results show that the baby's cry is able to regulate activities in various regions of the mother's brain, one of which is the amygdala, which is the part that plays a role in regulating maternal emotions.

So it's natural that the newborn baby immediately cries, because that is the first time the baby can see the world.

To answer your question, they actually don't.

It's the nurses who would gently pat on the baby's buttock or back to let the baby cry. Now, you might wonder, why do they do so?

Actually, the act of crying indicates the capability of breathing on his/her own. Therefore, if the baby is crying, we could know that the baby is capable of breathing and is hence, ready to embrace the world! 

Because all humans are sad. The babies know that they have a long sad life ahead, so they cry

I actually watched a documentary about this from months ago and I have learned that it is mostly because of the sudden change in the baby's environment.

A newborn baby spent 9 months inside a mother's belly. In there, the baby is provided with all things that he/she will need and being there for months, the baby feels protected and feel comfortable inside.

However, after delivery, a newborn baby's environment suddenly change. He starts to see,hear,feel other things that he/she is not used to. The baby felt unprotected all of a sudden. That is the major reason why they cry after delivery.