_{Cover of the November 1981 issue of Byte}

Byte tended to be the most technical of mainstream computer magazines though it became less so over time. It was not PC specific (after all, it was being published long before IBM's PC was released). 1981 was the same year the PC first appeared. If you owned a "home computer" it was likely made by Apple, Commodore, Atari, or Tandy. Personal computers on the business side were most often CP/M based. The November 1981 issue of Byte includes:

Features

Writing with a Database-Management System - How a database can help in the early stages of a writing project.

Switching Power Supplies, An Introduction - An introduction to building more efficient power supplies that use switching regulators.

Fundamentals of Relational Data Organization - A tutorial on relational databases with some examples.

Build a Bar-Code Scanner Inexpensively - A guide to building a bar-code scanner. While typing in program listings was common at the time, it was thought that eventually people would be able to scan barcodes vs. hand entering code. While there were some examples of this, the idea never really took off.

The Microcomputer as a Laboratory Instrument - Reasons to use a computer as a lab tool and some of its uses including data acquisition, data analysis, and more. The use case presented here is studying the biophysics of plant growth.

Data-Base Management Systems: Powerful Newcomers to Microcomputers - Database Management Systems on microcomputers were a relatively new thing at the time. The first big killer apps for microcomputers were the spreadsheet at word processing. This was another.

DIF: A Format for Data Exchange between Applications - This was a data exchange standard by Software Arts. I'm not sure if this particular standard ever went anywhere but other companies (like Microsoft) would come up with their own ways of doing this.

A Survey of Data-Base Management Systems for Microcomputers - An overview of database management software available for microcomputers. Some of the software looked at here includes The Informer, Data Handler, Cromenco Data Base Management Systems, Micro Manager, MDBS, Selector IV, and more.

PDQ: A Data Manager for Beginners, Don't Reinvent the Wheel - A simple data manager for floppy based systems.

The Atari Tutorial, Part 3: Player-Missile Graphics - The third part in a tutorial series on the Atari 400/800. This part covers Player-Missile Graphics which is basically the Atari 8-bit's version of sprites.

Toward a Structured 6809 Assembly Language, Part 1: An Introduction to Structured Assembly Language - Taking a page from structured high level languages like C and Pascal, this article discusses a methodology for doing structured programming in assembly using the 6809. This is the first part in a series.

PROLOG, A Step Toward the Ultimate Computer Language - PROLOG is presented here as a language that takes us one step closer to programming in plain English (or whatever spoken language).

PS - A FORTH-Like Threaded Language, Part 2 - The second part of the definition of a language called PS which is similar to FORTH.

Linking a Pascal Microengine to a Cyber 170 - A guide to sharing resources between a microcomputer (Western Digital Pascal Microengine) and a mainframe (Data Corp Cyber 170).

Information Hiding in Pascal, Packages and Pointers - Insulating Pascal programs from low level programming details.

_{able of Contents from the November 1981 issue of Byte}

Reviews

Reversal, Othello for the Apple II - Review of this Othello game for the Apple II.

The Exatron Stringy Floppy Data-Storage System - So called stringy floppy drives were really high speed tape drives that used specialized digital cassettes. It gets a pretty good review here as tested tith a TRS-80 but they never really caught on.

The Datahandler from Miller Microcomputer Services - A database system for the TRS-80.

Microsoft Softcard - A hardware/software package for the Apple II that includes CP/M 2.2 and Microsoft's BASIC-80 version 5.0.

CourseWare Magazine - An educational magazine that included a cassette with educational software.

Orchestra-80 - A hardware and software add-on for the TRS-80 that allows you to produce music.

Apple II File-Management Systems - A look at various database systems for the Apple II.

ENHBAS - An enhancement for Microsoft BASIC on the TRS-80.

Five Spelling-Correction Programs for CP/M-Based Systems - A look at CP/M based spell-checkers including The Word, Spellguard, Wordsearch, Microspell, and Microproof.

Nucleus

Editorial: Can We Agree on Standards? - The short answer, not really. But this goes over some successful standards including the S-100 bus, BASIC (sort of), and others.

Letters - Letters from readers about MusicSystem from Mountain Computer, Ada, and more.

BYTE Comment: Reviewing the Microcomputer Revolution - A look back at the last five years of the so-called microcomputer revolution.

BYTELINES - IEEE adopts S-100 bus standard; Japanese have little success in U.S. computer market; floppy drive makers to begin making half-height 5.25" drives; CPU makers to add floating point operations to 16-bit CPUs; and more.

Ask BYTE - Questions answered about analog to digital conversion, the TRS-80 Disk-80 project for the TRS-80, interfacing with the TRS-80 Model III, and more.

Languages Forum: A View from the Lectern: What's Wrong with Technical Writing Today? - From the point of view of the college classroom.

Programming Quickies: WRITELONG, A Pascal Simulation of Long-Integer Output - A Pascal routine that produces long-integer output.

System Notes: A Voice for the Apple II without Extra Hardware - Recording voices digitally on the Apple II.

What's New? - The Bytewriter computer driven typewriter; the Silentype Thermal Printer; an 8088 coprocessor for the Apple II, a light pen for the TRS-80 Model II, the Model 1080 VersaModem (300bps), and much more.