The Stirling's Engine
When we think of a history of mechanics, we often assume that old inventions have no further use. It happens, when we think of different types of engines created to this very day in particular. Today, no one can imagine using the steam engine. Soon, we'll be witnesses of disusing the combustion engine. I think it''ll take some time, but sooner or later it will be disused in interest of also old, but much better electric engine. Meanwhile, there are more and more possibilities to use the very old and very interesting from a science perspective - the Stirling's engine.
As it's name says, the engine was devised by the scottish divine Robert Stirling in the first half of XIX century. This type of engine was mainly used to pump water out of the quarries. Due to it's big failure frequency the XIX century is remembered as an age of steam rather than the age of the Stirling's engine. Smaller versions of the engine were used on small farms to pump the water. There the engine was used till the XX century.
Later, in XX century, the engine's popularity has grown because of uncertain situations related to the oil access. In the same time, few projects have been made with the usage of the engine: the car, mass-saled small electricity generators powered by the lamp oil, lastly, installation the engines as a power source on a few swedish submarines.
The XXI century brought a new popularity growth of the engine as an element to the heat and electricity generation constructions (Micro-CHP - Combined Heat and Power). The example of such mechanism is the oven which uses any burning fuel. Its warm is used to heat the building and also to energise the Stirling's engine which generates the electricity. There are some works on using the engine as a part of the hybrid drive in a car, as an current-generating unit combined with solar energy and geothermal sources. The most interesting idea is to use the engine to energise the long-haul cosmic probes, where the warm could be delivered by the radioactive isotopes.
Principle of operation
The most importat feature of the Stirling's engine is that it uses warm to energise itself instead of the internal fuel burning process. Warm can be provided in any way. There are some constructions making the engine taking the warm from the sun. There are obtainable small models of the engine capable of taking the warm from the candle or hand if it's well calibrated.
The simplest engine construction is based on two cylinders connected to themselves. Cylinders are filled with gas, which easy conducts the heat (air, hydrogen, helium). One of cyliders is beeing heated so that gas decompresses which causes the press to move. Press transferes the gas to the cold cylinder where the gas cools. Cooling gas causes its compression and moving back the press to the hot cylinder.
The different stages of the engine's operation
The engine's performance dipends on the gas warm conductivity, mechanical wastes and the heating zone.
The biggest weakness of the Stirling's engine is the construction cost. The constructions combining heat and electricity power, described above, are much more expensive when String's engine is used instead of turbines or the combustion engines.
# Video presentation:
Thank you for your time :) @mastek
source photos of stages http://www.stirling.fc.pl/
Hey i re5dteemed 4 posts
Thanks for this post. I have always been interested in the stirling engine. I had a kit as a child. I often wonder how it could be put to more wide spread use. I especially like how the heat source is not limited to single fuel.
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Muy buen Post. sobre generadores de energía. te sigo
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