What is psychology of personality?
The word personality in the English language comes from the ancient Greek prosopon or persona, which means 'mask' that is used by artists in the theater. The artist behaves in accordance with the expression of the mask he is wearing, as if the mask represents certain personality traits. So the initial concept of the sense personality (in the common people) is the behavior that is exposed to the social environment - the impression of self that is desirable to be captured by the social environment.
There are some words or terms that the public treats as a synonym for the word personality, but when the terms are used in personality theories are given different meanings. The adjacent term means:
- Personality (personality); description of behavior descriptively without giving value (devaluative)
- Character (character); depiction of behavior by highlighting the value (right-wrong, good-bad) either expeditiously or implicitly.
- Disposition; characters that have been owned and until now has not changed.
- Temperament (temperament); personality closely related to biologic or physiological determinants, hereditary dispositions.
- Traits (properties); Similar responses to similar stimuli groups take place over a relatively long period of time.
- Type-Attribute (characteristic): similar to nature, but in the more limited stimulation group.
- Habit (habitual): the same response tends to recur for the same stimulus.
Personality Structure
According to Freud, the life of the soul has three levels of consciousness, namely conscious (conscious), pre-conscious (Preconscious), and unconscious (Unconscious). The conscious is what you realize at a certain moment, the direct sensing, the memories, the perceptions, the thoughts, the fantasy, the feelings you have. Closely related to the conscious mind this is what Freud calls the pre-conscious world, what we call the present with 'available memory', everything that can easily be called into the conscious, memories -the ones that you do not remember thinking time, but can easily be easily called again.
The biggest part is the unconscious mind (Unconscious mind). This section includes everything that is very difficult to bring to the subconscious, such as our passions and instincts and everything that goes there because we are not able to reach it, such as memories or trauma-related emotions.
Id is the personality that was brought from birth. From this Id will appear ego and super-ego. At birth, the Id contains all the psychological aspects that are inherited, such as instincts, impulses and drives. Id resides and operates in an unconscious area, representing subjectivity that has never been realized throughout the ages. The Id is closely related to the physical process to obtain the psychic energy used to operate the system from other personality structures.
Id operates on the principle of pleasure, namely: trying to gain pleasure and avoid pain. For Id, pleasure is a relatively inactive state or low energy level, and pain is the voltage or increase in energy that craves satisfaction. pleasure principle is processed by du event, reflex action and primary process. Reflex action is an inborn automatic reaction such as eye-popping used to deal with simple, and usually immediate, excitement. The primary process is the reaction of imagining something that can reduce or eliminate stress-used to handle complex stimuli, like a hungry baby imagining his mother's food.
The id is only able to imagine something, unable to distinguish the fantasy with the fact that really satisfy the needs. Id is not able to distinguish right and wrong, do not know moral. So there must be a real way to gain the delusion, which gives satisfaction without creating new tensions, especially moral issues. This is the reason that then makes the Id bring up the ego.
The ego develops from Id so that people are able to handle reality; so the ego operates following the reality principle, efforts to obtain satisfaction found objects that can apparently satisfy the needs.
The ego is the executive (executive) of the personality, who has two main tasks; first, choose which stimulation to respond to or which instincts will be satisfied according to the priority needs. Second, determine when and how the need is satisfied in accordance with the availability of opportunities that are at a minimum risk.
In other words, the ego as a personality executive strives to meet the needs of the Id while also meeting the moral needs and developmental needs of the superego. The ego is actually working to satisfy the Id, because it is the ego that does not have its own energy to get the energy from the Id.
Super ego is the moral and ethical force of personality, operating under idealistic principle as opposed to the principle of Id satisfaction and the realistic principle of the ego. The superego develops from the ego, and like the ego he has no energy of his own. Like the ego, the superego operates in three areas of consciousness.
But unlike the ego, he has no contact with the outside world (equal to Id) so that the needs of perfection that are not realistic (Id is not realistic in fighting for pleasure). Ideisticistic principles have two sub-principles, namely conscience and ego-ideal.
The superego is nonrational in demanding perfection, punishing with the errors of the ego, both done and new in thought. There are at least 3 functions of the superego;
(1) encouraging the ego to replace realistic goals with moralistic goals,
(2) governing the impulse of Id, especially sexual and aggressive impulses that go against the standard of society,
(3) the pursuit of perfection.
REFERENCE
[1]Persona
[2]The Word Personality Derive from The Latin
Posted from my blog with SteemPress : https://mitaendayani.com/2018/07/22/exploring-about-personality-psychology/
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