Hi! Sorry you had to wait this long for a new post. School has been crazyyyy...resumption and all. So i have been seeing this really old series...House(my love for medicine though🙁) Anyways, today i was taken aback by the human anatomy and how fascinating our bodies work. How DNA determines the physical appearance of an animal. So I'll be writing mainly about DNA, RNA and subsequently Blood components RBC, WBC etc
So what is DNA? This is an acronym for Deoxyribonucleic acids.
DNA stores biological information. The DNA backbone is resistant to cleavage, and both strands of the double-stranded structure store the same biological information. This information is replicated as and when the two strands separate. A large part of DNA (more than 98% for humans) is non-coding, meaning that these sections do not serve as patterns for protein sequences. The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions to each other and are thus antiparallel. Attached to each sugar is one of four types of nucleobases (informally, bases). It is the sequence of these four nucleobases along the backbone that encodes biological information. RNA strands are created using DNA strands as a template in a process called transcription. Under the genetic code, these RNA strands are translated to specify the sequence of amino acids within proteins in a process called translation
INTERNAL FUNCTIONS OF DNA
- They replicate
- They encode instructions for the production of RNA
- Ensure formation of genes.
An RNA is also Ribonucleic acids. Nucleic acids are substituted polymers of the aldopentose ribose(pentose monosaccharide)that carry an organism's genetic information. DNA & RNA are found in the nucleus of a cell. They both have a ribose base and they have four unique basic monomers attached to this ribose. These polymer can be quite similar in structure but only differ by the hydroxyl group on the 2' carbon atoms of the ribose ring. Unlike double-stranded DNA, RNA is a single-stranded molecule in many of its biological roles and consists of a much shorter chain of nucleotides. RNA takes part in numerous processes in tthe cell. One of these active processes is protein synthesis, a universal function where RNA molecules direct the assembly of proteins on ribosomes; mRNA. This process uses transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to deliver amino acids to the ribosome, where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) then links amino acids together to form proteins. However, RNA can, by complementary base pairing, form intrastrand (i.e., single-strand) double helixes, as in tRNA.
INTERNAL FUNCTIONS OF RNA - They help in the decoding of signals through amino acids for the production of ribosomes(rRNA tRNA and mRNA)
- These ribosomes helps in the assembling of the protein molecules.
REFERENCES
- Wade Organic Chemistry
- DNA and RNA. Wikipedia
Weldone @mizkelz, this write-up could have made a nice post but it lacks structure and coherence. There are rules to follow in writing a science post. Kindly join steemSTEM discord channel here to learn.
Thanks for the comment
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