Solving problems and dealing with emergencies aren't always the same thing and need different skills.
Emergency descision making is just as you described, pick a course of action, often based on little evidence and stick with it. To me this is about dealing with the symptoms; the room is flooded, stop the leak and minimize the damage. Don't delay just do something.
Problem solving is about stepping back, examining everything and coming up with solutions. The more radical the solutions you come up with the better potential you have to fix the root cause. Why did the room flood, is it the roof or a pipe, or even a river; why did that happen, do we just patch that and hope it doesn't happen again, or do we change the design. What is the cost/benefit? Can we make other enhancements while we are fixing this? This takes time, thought and reflection. You need to ask 'Why?' a lot; why did the room flood: burst pipe. Why did the pipe burst; room too cold. Why was the room too cold... etc.
We all need both skills, but if you practice problem solving then you will tend to encounter less emergencies.