Allithiamine
Fursultiamine
Thiamine mimetics sulbutiamine and benfotiamine as a nutraceutical approach to anticancer therapy
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332219352709
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Thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD) is the synthetic counterpart of allithiamine, occurring naturally in garlic.
The first lipophilic thiamine derivative was found in garlic and was named allithiamine.
allithiamine, fursultiamine and sulbutiamine are disulfides, while benfotiamine is a thioester.
Allithiamine was found to be a disulfide derivative of thiamine, produced as a result of enzymatic action on the thiamine molecule in garlic bulbs when the bulb is cut or crushed. Subsequent experimental work in both animals and human subjects revealed that its metabolic effect was much more powerful than the thiamine from which it was derived.
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TTFD
Fursultiamine
Thiamine
Tetrahydrofurfuryl
Disulfide
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fursultiamine
Fursultiamine (thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide or TTFD; brand names Adventan, Alinamin-F, Benlipoid, Bevitol Lipophil, Judolor, Lipothiamine). Chemically, it is a disulfide derivative of thiamine and is similar in structure to allithiamine.
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DMSO
Alliin
Allicin
Allithiamine
Fursultiamine
Thiamine
Thioester
Thiosulfinate
DMSO
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
MSM
Methylsulfonylmethane
Methyl Sulfonyl Methane
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the amount of Allicin in 1 garlic clove is 1 MG.
ML = ?
MG = Milligram
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Thiamine
DMSO
Castor Oil
Pine Terpinene
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Thioester-Containing Protein 1
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioester-containing_protein_1
Thioester bond: TEP1 contains a highly conserved thioester which enables the covalent labelling of parasites.
TEP1 contains a highly reactive thioester motif, which can undergo spontaneous hydrolysis.
Thioesters- Biological Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Map%3A_Organic_Chemistry_(Wade)Complete_and_Semesters_I_and_II/Map%3A_Organic_Chemistry(Wade)/22%3A_Carboxylic_Acid_Derivatives_and_Nitriles/22.09%3A_Thioesters-_Biological_Carboxylic_Acid_Derivatives
Transthioesterification Reaction involves acetyl CoA, the activated form of acetic acid and the basic two-carbon building block for fats and oils. Before it can be incorporated into a growing fatty acid molecule, acetyl CoA must first be linked to a so-called ‘acyl carrier protein’ (ACP). The acetyl group is linked to the acyl carrier protein via a thiol group on a carrier molecule that is covalently attached to the protein.
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Neuroprotective Effects of Thiamine and Precursors with Higher Bioavailability: Focus on Benfotiamine and Dibenzoylthiamine
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/11/5418
Thioesterase enzyme families: Functions, structures, and mechanisms
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8862431/
Thioester-containing proteins regulate the Toll pathway and play a role in Drosophila defence against microbial pathogens and parasitoid wasps
https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-017-0408-0
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Thiolase
Esterase
Coenzyme A
Thioesterase
Thioester-Containing
Protein 1
TEP1
Thiolester
Hydrolases
Thioesterase
Ubiquitin
Carboxy-Terminal
Hydrolase L1
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Coenzyme A
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coenzyme_A
Thiolase
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiolase
Thioesterase
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioesterase
Esterase
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esterase
Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubiquitin_carboxy-terminal_hydrolase_L1
Lipoamide
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoamide
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Thioester
Cannabinoid
Cannabigerol (CBG)
Prenylated (Lipidation)
Polyketide
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Synthetic Thioesters of Thiamine: Promising Tools for Slowing Progression of Neurodegenerative Diseases
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10379298/
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Derrick Lonsdale
John Scott Perez