US constitution grants the right to travel domestically without travel papers. There is a form that you can fill out to get through security without ID. It's pretty rare, they give you a hard time, and it typically takes a few hours to get through security that way, but it can be done.
I have not done this myself, but I've seen some newspaper articles about it. YMMV
These days the government can and will abuse you if you draw their attention. Especially if you are challenging them. An individual would be unlikely to get away with that even if they are constitutionally granted the right to do so. However if thousands did it at the same time it would have an impact on policy.