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Blockchains and private keys do all of that for us fortunately.

A blockchain is just a database on a bunch of strangers computers and private keys are of dubious security once an attacker / hacker has them / finds a collision for the key.

It's better than nothing but still a security nightmare. lol

On a transparent blockchain yes, on a equihash blockchain using ZK-SNARKS no. The join split randomizes the inputs and outputs preventing a private key from revealing anything about the recipients and other parties, including the node.

The view key, is required for any data metrics, and there is a unique view key for every address. If this view key is managed properly by a node, it will be a zero knowledge proof of their digital signature.