There was a PAL airdrop for specific people based on some formula they used. Everyone who qualified needed to claim them via the Steem-Engine exchange. Before the steem-engine update the claim was the tokens icon at the top corner of your wallet page. I have no clue if that changed since the update or not.
There was a partial airdrop for SPT. Mavericks had 1 week to claim some free SPT (that week has ended long ago). There is no first time posting bonus, however I have 140K SPT staked so if you keep commenting on my topics you will likely get SPT upvotes.
Edit: Yes I believe you can post from any interface. Using the correct tags will allow your post to earn each token.