As we know that perovskite calcium silicate minerals are mostly found at the bottom of the earth's mantle, it is estimated to form nearly 93% of the Earth's lower mantle. Keterdapatannya approximately 700 km below sea level. However, for the first time scientists have discovered perovskite calcium silicate minerals on the earth's surface.
The only possible way to find this mineral on the surface of the earth is when it is trapped in a very strong and resistant container, like INTAN. According to Pearson, of course, the diamond will hold more than 24 billion pascal pressures, equivalent to 240,000 atmospheres. The diamonds originate approximately 700 kilometers below the earth's surface, while most diamonds generally form at depths of 150 to 200 kilometers.
Professor Pearson and colleagues from the University of British Columbia found calcium silicate peroxides in diamonds mined less than a kilometer below the Earth's crust, at South Africa's famous Cullinan Mine (best known as the second largest source of diamonds in the British Crown Jewels). He explained that the diamond of the mine is not only the most commercially valuable in the world, but also of the most scientific value, providing insight into the deepest parts of the earth's core.
The specific compositions of perovskite inclusions in diamonds clearly indicate the recycling of oceanic crusts into the Earth's mantle. Well, this could be a fundamental proof of what happens to oceanic crust as they enter Earth.
The cut of perovskite calcium silicate in the diamond can be seen by the naked eye after the diamond is polished. X-rays and spectroscopic tests have also confirmed the presence of these rare minerals in the diamond. This finding became the first sample that researchers successfully observed. Next, the researchers will try to find out more about these minerals, such as their age and genes.
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Reference :
https://www.livescience.com/61959-diamond-calcium-silicate-perovskite.html
https://www.researchgate.net/blog/post/4951
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_(geology)
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