The Universe part1: THE UNIVERSE

Meaning of the UNIVERSE

The universe is characterized as everything that space contains, and it incorporates living organisms, the Earth, the moon, different planets, and their satellites, notwithstanding asteroids, comets, the sun, and colossal quantities of stars, estimated at many billions, and galaxies. The universe likewise includes everything that Scientists have not had the option to notice or access it.

Cosmogony
The development of the universe passed through many stages, and coming up next is a detail for each of them:

The main expansion of the universe and the movement of elementary particles

All the matter and energy that could be observed about 15 billion years ago were concentrated together in a tiny area, and then, at that point, this matter and energy began to endlessly expand at a tremendous speed.
As the temperature of the universe cooled to 100 million times the temperature of the sun's core, powers of nature took on the properties they right now have and the elementary particles (which make up matter known as quarks) began to roam uninhibitedly in this void, and when the universe expanded multiple times, it shaped part of the solar system.

Formation of atomic nuclei

The free quarks were just neutrons and protons, and after an additional 1000 years of evolution of the universe, neutrons and protons came together to frame atomic nuclei, including; Helium and deuterium are currently known.

The emergence of neutral atoms and stars

The universe was still too hot for atomic nuclei to get electrons, and after 300,000 years of proceeded with expansion, the universe was as yet multiple times smaller than it is presently.
Neutral atoms appeared, then, at that point, fused to frame gas clouds, which later developed into stars, and when the universe expanded to a fifth of what it is currently, the stars became partitioned into bunches known as small galaxies.

Formation of the solar system

At the point when the universe expanded to turn out to be half its size now, the nuclear reactions taking place in stars came about in the greater part of the heavy components that make up the planets, and when the size of the universe became 66% of its ongoing size, that is, about five billion years ago, the solar system and its parts were shaped. Over the long run, star formation spent galaxies' provisions of gas; So their number is starting to decrease, and that means that fifteen billion from now, stars will turn out to be relatively rare.

Age of the universe

According to studies, the age of the universe is about 13.8 billion years, and scientists had the option to decide this after measuring the rate of expansion of the universe and the ages of the most ancient stars, and they measured the expansion by noticing the Doppler impact(google it), which communicates the change of light transmitted from galaxies with their development.

Components of the universe
Scientists believe that the universe consists of three types of matter:

Ordinary or Natural Matter consists of the atoms that make up the planets, stars, humans, and all visible objects in the universe. The natural matter almost certainly makes up the smallest percentage of the universe, between 1% and 10%.
Dark Matter In the form of the present-day known universe, 70% is believed to be dark energy, 25% dark matter, and 5% natural matter.
Dark Energy Astronomers think that humanity lives in a low-density universe in which a mysterious substance (dark energy) represents 70% of its content and that it dominates everything. Scientists now believe that the dark energy that dominates the universe as previously mentioned does not exist, according to new information provided by the X-ray Observatory of the European Space Agency (XMM-Newton), which found clear differences between the shapes and numbers of current galaxies and those in the universe seven years ago. Approximately thousands of million years ago, the existence of so much matter in the universe does not allow for the existence of dark energy.

The shape of the universe

According to the general theory of relativity; The universe must take the form of one of the following three forms: closed like a ball, flat like a leaf, or open like a saddle, and the universe holds a flat shape (three-dimensional) if the density of the universe is very low, and at the same time if the universe is expanding in every direction without any curvature. But if the density of the universe is large to the extent that its gravity overcomes the force of expansion, then the universe will have the shape of a ball, which is known as the Closed Model, but if its density is low and it is not able to stop the expansion, this means that the universe will wrap In the opposite direction, to give an open shape with some curvature, resembling a saddle. In light of this difference, it was agreed that the universe is shaped like a sphere; This is according to the paper published by Alessandro Melchiorri at the end of 2019, which indicated that measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), which is the radiation after the Big Bang, indicate a closed universe.

PS: A great thanking for all the people and the websites that I had to use their data, info, photos, and images.

For all the readers I hope you enjoyed the article, one last piece of information I would love to give you:
" Humans are roughly 500,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (five hundred trillion trillion, or ) times smaller than the diameter of the observable universe. ", After all, we are weak creatures so never forget your humanity, be humble, and always RECALL:

WITH GREAT POWER COMES GREAT RESPONSIBILITY

Peace.

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