Was ist klassischer Liberalismus? What is classical liberalism?

in #deutsch2 years ago

Das Liberale Institut aus Zürich hat ein neues Paper veröffentlicht, geschrieben von Eamonn Butler (Mitbegründer und Direktor des Adam Smith Institute in London, wiki, https://eamonnbutler.me/):
https://www.libinst.ch/publikationen/LI-Paper-Butler-Liberalismus.pdf

source

Zusammenfassung

  • Klassisch Liberale sind überzeugt, dass jeder Mensch sein Leben so gestalten können sollte, wie er oder sie es selber wünscht, mit möglichst geringen Einschränkungen durch andere Individuen oder Autoritäten. Sie akzeptieren die Tatsache, dass Freiheit niemals absolut sein kann, da die Freiheit des einen mit der des anderen in Konflikt geraten kann, so wie wir alle Bewegungsfreiheit haben, uns jedoch nicht alle zur selben Zeit auf den gleichen Punkt zubewegen können. Niemand hat die Freiheit, andere zu berauben, zu bedrohen, zu etwas zu zwingen, anzugreifen oder umzubringen, weil dadurch deren Freiheit verletzt würde.
  • Um ein besseres Verständnis dafür zu erhalten, was der klassische Liberalismus beinhaltet, werden in diesem Beitrag zehn Prinzipien präsentiert, denen alle klassisch Liberalen zustimmen können. Klassisch Liberale schlagen sich im Zweifelsfall immer auf die Seite der Freiheit. Der primäre Fokus des klassischen Liberalismus liegt dabei auf dem Individuum und dem Ziel, Zwang und Gewalt in einer Gesellschaft zu reduzieren. Toleranz und Offenheit gegenüber Andersdenkenden und Menschen mit anderen Präferenzen und Bedürfnissen sind zentrale Bestandteile des liberalen Denkens. Die Wichtigkeit, der Macht klare Grenzen zu setzen, sollte nach Ansicht von klassisch Liberalen zu einer begrenzten Regierung führen, die so viel Raum wie möglich für den Einzelnen lässt, während die Herrschaft des Rechts dabei die Möglichkeit der Willkür ausschliessen soll.
  • Aus Sicht der klassisch Liberalen ist es wichtig, Entscheidungskompetenzen dezentral anzusiedeln – wenn immer möglich also der kleineren Einheit und dem Einzelnen zu überlassen. Nur so kann eine spontane Ordnung entstehen, die verschiedene Bedürfnisse in der Gesellschaft miteinander friedlich in Einklang bringen und das Wissen der Vielen zur Schaffung eines breiten Wohlstands nutzbar machen kann. Privateigentum, Vertragsfreiheit und Marktmechanismen spielen dabei eine elementare Rolle.

Disclaimer: Der Text ist nicht von mir, sondern vom Liberalen Institut. Sobald das Liberale Institut (oder der Autor des Textes) einen Account bei Hive hat, sende ich die Rewards für diesen Post (grosszügig aufgerundet) zu dessen Account.


The Zurich-based Liberal Institute has published a new paper, written by Eamonn Butler (co-founder and director of the Adam Smith Institute in London, wiki, https://eamonnbutler.me/):
https://www.libinst.ch/publikationen/LI-Paper-Butler-Liberalismus.pdf

source

Summary

  • Classical liberals believe that each person should be able to live his or her life as he or she wishes, with as few restrictions as possible from other individuals or authorities. They accept the fact that freedom can never be absolute, since one person's freedom can conflict with another's, just as we all have freedom of movement but cannot all move toward the same point at the same time. No one has the freedom to rob, threaten, force, attack or kill others because it would violate their freedom.
  • To gain a better understanding of what classical liberalism entails, this paper will present ten principles that all classical liberals can agree with. Classical liberals always side with freedom when in doubt. The primary focus of classical liberalism is on the individual and the goal of reducing coercion and violence in a society. Tolerance and openness to dissenters and people with different preferences and needs are central components of liberal thought. The importance of setting clear limits to power should, in the view of classical liberals, lead to limited government that leaves as much room as possible for the individual, while the rule of law should thereby exclude the possibility of arbitrariness.
  • From the point of view of classical liberals, it is important to decentralize decision-making authority - to leave it to the smaller unit and the individual whenever possible. Only in this way can a spontaneous order emerge that can peacefully reconcile different needs in society and harness the knowledge of the many to create broad prosperity. Private property, freedom of contract and market mechanisms play an elementary role in this.

Disclaimer: This text was not written by me, but is from the Liberales Institut (a classical liberal think tank from Zurich). As soon as Liberales Institut (or the author of the text) has an account with Hive, I will send the rewards for this post (generously rounded up) to its account.


El Instituto Liberal de Zúrich ha publicado un nuevo documento escrito por Eamonn Butler (cofundador y director del Instituto Adam Smith de Londres, wiki, https://eamonnbutler.me/):
https://www.libinst.ch/publikationen/LI-Paper-Butler-Liberalismus.pdf

fuente

Resumen

  • Los liberales clásicos creen que cada persona debe poder vivir su vida como quiera, con las menores restricciones posibles por parte de otros individuos o autoridades. Aceptan el hecho de que la libertad nunca puede ser absoluta, ya que la libertad de una persona puede entrar en conflicto con la de otra, del mismo modo que todos tenemos libertad de movimiento pero no todos podemos movernos hacia el mismo punto al mismo tiempo. Nadie tiene la libertad de robar, amenazar, forzar, agredir o matar a los demás porque eso violaría su libertad.
  • Para comprender mejor lo que implica el liberalismo clásico, este documento presenta diez principios con los que todos los liberales clásicos pueden estar de acuerdo. Los liberales clásicos siempre están del lado de la libertad en caso de duda. El enfoque principal del liberalismo clásico es el individuo y el objetivo de reducir la coerción y la violencia en una sociedad. La tolerancia y la apertura hacia los que piensan de forma diferente y las personas con preferencias y necesidades distintas son componentes centrales del pensamiento liberal. La importancia de establecer límites claros al poder debería, en opinión de los liberales clásicos, conducir a un gobierno limitado que deje el mayor espacio posible al individuo, mientras que el Estado de Derecho debería excluir así la posibilidad de la arbitrariedad.
  • Desde el punto de vista de los liberales clásicos, es importante descentralizar los poderes de decisión, dejarlos en manos de la unidad más pequeña y del individuo siempre que sea posible. Sólo así puede surgir un orden espontáneo que pueda conciliar pacíficamente las diferentes necesidades de la sociedad y aprovechar el conocimiento de muchos para crear una amplia prosperidad. La propiedad privada, la libertad de contratación y los mecanismos de mercado desempeñan un papel elemental en este sentido.

Descargo de responsabilidad: Este texto no ha sido escrito por mí, sino que procede del Liberales Institut (un grupo de reflexión liberal clásico de Zúrich). En cuanto el Liberales Institut (o el autor del texto) tenga una cuenta en Hive, enviaré las recompensas de este post (generosamente redondeadas) a su cuenta.

Se agradecen mucho las correcciones lingüísticas, ya que todavía estoy trabajando con DeepL (https://www.deepl.com/translator) y me gustaría mejorar mi español. Gracias.

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Hmmm. While I can't say I have any significant disagreement with anything you've listed in your bulleted Summary list @zuerich, it is confusing to me to see it labelled with the word "liberals," as I doubt very few self-professed liberals here in America would agree with much on this list. They prefer coercive measures imposed on us by a centralized, all-powerful State ...

Perhaps if I had the time (don't right now) to read the PDF (which I would have to figure out how to translate) that confusion might be cleared up.

At any rate, presumably with you, I would sure like to see a lot of what you have summarized here playing out IRL. Much of the decentralization of authority is, in theory, "guaranteed" by our 10th Amendment here in America, but ... It is seldom referenced these days and almost never enforced ...

P.S. Nice to see you publishing in 3 languages. Hopefully this will broaden your audience's appreciation for your thought provoking content.

With the explanation on Classical liberals, I believe more country should practice this Classical liberalism

small and transparent government + maximum rights to the people is IMO the best outcome for citizens.

But governments today become monsters with so many employees...

Expensive, incompetent, and slow.

Government should only exist to protect rights. That's all.

@unuma, sigue esta cuenta, tiene publicaciones súper interesantes que te van a gustar 👍

Gracias @karbea eres genial...!!!!

First of all: Happy New Year.

This post and message is something that came to me as a blessing after reading too many anarchistic points of view as of late here at HIVE. When I try to explain what it means to enjoy maximum freedom with as few as possible central (or even de-central) authorities, I always say: Maximum Freedom can be enjoyed by everyone when we have Respect for everyone and everything. I rarely see the use of that word in relation to Freedom, which bothers me quite a bit too be honest. I tagged the PDF you shared for later reading.

I do hope you can get this Classic Liberal institute onboarded at HIVE. We need voices talking about Freedom that is practical to implement in our societies.

Thanks for your comment!
Yes, I'll try to onboard them.

ein wunderbares zitat zum thema freiheit von rousseau lautet recht frei übersetzt: Die Freiheit des Menschen liegt nicht darin, dass er tun kann, was er will, sondern dass er nicht tun muß, was er nicht will.

da steckt unheimlich viel wahrheit drin.

Ja, sehr gutes Zitat 👍

From the point of view of classical liberals, it is important to decentralize decision-making authority - to leave it to the smaller unit and the individual whenever possible. Only in this way can a spontaneous order emerge that can peacefully reconcile different needs in society and harness the knowledge of the many to create broad prosperity. Private property, freedom of contract and market mechanisms play an elementary role in this.

Dear @zuerich, I read your good article! I don't understand mean of classical liberals! Currently, The East Asian world is now dominated by Chinese-style communism. So, the classical liberalism of Europe is unlikely to be implemented in East Asia.

feel that liberalism has both advantages and disadvantages.People do unnecessary things even when they have no rules.I think people can have some control when the rules are tight.

******Happy New year ********

so you are describing in good words, the poorly implemented socialism and communism.

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