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Obesity and underweight are two conditions that affect the health of millions of people around the world. Both are characterised by a disturbance in the balance between energy intake and expenditure, which is reflected in a Body Mass Index (BMI) outside the normal range.
BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in metres. According to the WHO, a BMI of 25 or more is considered overweight and a BMI of 30 or more is considered obese. Conversely, a BMI of less than 18.5 is considered underweight.
Both obesity and underweight can have serious health consequences, increasing the risk of various chronic diseases and reducing quality of life and life expectancy.
But which of the two conditions is more dangerous?
The answer is not simple, as it depends on several factors, such as age, gender, body fat distribution, nutritional status, level of physical activity and the presence of other health problems.
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, some cancers, sleep apnoea, osteoarthritis, gallstones, fatty liver disease and psychological problems, among others.
Underweight may be due to genetic, metabolic, infectious, infectious, psychiatric or social causes, and also carries an increased risk of mortality and morbidity.
Underweight is associated with an increased risk of anaemia, osteoporosis, infections, infertility, complications during pregnancy and childbirth, malnutrition, dehydration and hormonal disturbances, among others.
Both obesity and underweight are conditions that negatively affect health and require appropriate medical attention.
However, it cannot be said that one is more dangerous than the other, as it depends on each individual case and the factors that influence the development and evolution of both.
What can be said is that both are preventable and treatable, and that the most important thing is to maintain a healthy weight, which is between a BMI of 18.5 and 24.9.
It is therefore recommended to follow a balanced, varied and sufficient diet and to engage in moderate physical activity on a regular basis.
In this way, health and well-being can be improved and weight-related diseases can be prevented or controlled.
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